Should the role of afforestation in climate change mitigation. Afforestation is the planting of trees to create a forest on nonforest land. Afforestation and reforestation ar methodologies approved by the cdm executive board all approved methodologies for large scale ar cdm projects are available on this page. The sicilian case study in the mesomediterranean bioclimate, relative soc stock increase with cul tivation abandonment, i. Simplified modalities and procedures for smallscale. Afforestationreforestation ar requirements the gold standard. Afforestation is the reverse of deforestation and includes. Afforestation vs reforestation afforestation and reforestation are the converse of avoiding deforestation. The last organized survey of reforestation and afforestation suess aas done y tilinovic 1987.
Research is also being carried out to ascertain the type of trees that grow best. The scheme of plantation of new forest is called afforestation. Species of trees to be reforested on the landscape the intent of canfors reforestation strategy is to reforest stands back to the natural species that existed prior to harvest through balancing except where indicated otherwise in table 3. The third conference of the parties to the united nations framework convention on climate change fccc held 111 december. Afforestation and reforestation seek to achieve the goal of new forest growth in slightly different ways. Entity aie3 under the sectorial scope of afforestation and reforestation, or. Afforestation is the direct humaninduced conversion of land that has not been forested for a period of at least 50 years to forested land through planting, seeding andor the humaninduced promotion of natural seed sources. Basics ar definitions reforestation cdm definition is the direct humaninduced conversion of nonforested land to. Risk assessment of afforestation and reforestation processes. However, forest lands that are badly degraded cannot be regenerated unless plants have been planted by. Afforestation planting trees to mitigate climate change could cause warming rather than cooling globally due to noncarbon effects of land use change, according to new research from the.
Different methods of sowing, such as broadcasting and drill seeding, are used. Afforestation and reforestation in the clean development mechanism 325 3 social and environmental impact under a laissez faire approach i argue in this section that fast growing industrial plantations are likely to dominate under a laissez faire approach and that their environmental and social implications are likely to be highly variable. But the establishment of new forested areas can endanger other environmental and social services, including biological diversity. Afforestation, restoration and regeneration not all. However, possible negative impacts must also be taken into account in order to protect the planet as a whole. According to the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc, these terms are defined as direct human induced conservation of non forested lands back to forested lands with the help of activities such as planting, seeding, and human induced promotions of natural.
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees forestation in an area where there was no previous tree cover many government and nongovernmental organizations directly engage in programs of afforestation to create forests, increase carbon capture sometimes special tools, such as a tree planting bar, are used to make planting of trees easier and faster. Carbon sequestration is determined using a baseyear approach, where the amount of carbon sequestered is measured relative to the baseyear carbon measurement or previous reporting period carbon. Afforestation means establishing the stand of trees or a forest in a particular open area where no one had established a tree in past reforestation means reestablishment of the area under forest, it can be done by natural means like seeding, root suckers or coppice or by artificial efforts by planting or direct seeding. Afforestation is the act of planting forests where no forest has existed before or where there hasnt been a forest in a long time. Afforestation and reforestation projects under the. Reforestation 5 considerations r increasing planting complexity may increase planting costs. Afforestation is the process of establishing a forest on land where there is no forest, by planting trees or sowing their seeds and caring continually until the trees grow collectively as a whole into a forest as planned. Afforestation and reforestation areas should be protected against potentially. May 20, 2020 afforestation is the planting of trees to create a forest on nonforest land. Difference between afforestation and reforestation compare. Ar afforestation reforestation co 2 is absorbed by the trees trees fix the carbon during its growth, thus prevent emission of co 2 to the 5 co2 co2 co2 c co2 c c c atmosphere. Explanation afforestation refers to the establishment of commercial tree crops by purposeful planting on land previously not used for tree crops, e. Difference between afforestation and reforestation. Deforestation is the removal of forests or stand of trees where the land is then converted into non forest use.
Afforestation and reforestation projects under the clean. Afforestation stock photos download 1,552 royalty free photos. Afforestation article about afforestation by the free. Forest service reforestation efforts in 2007 totaled 73,921 acres. Afforestation and reforestation for climate change. Oct 31, 20 afforestation vs reforestation afforestation and reforestation are the converse of avoiding deforestation. Afforestation vs reforestation the brain bank north west. Afforestation means establishing the stand of trees or a forest in a particular open area where no one had established a tree in past reforestation means reestablishment of the area under forest, it can be done by natural means like seeding, root suckers or coppice or by. Reforestation is planting trees again in areas where trees have been removed, afforestation is the process of planting trees and forests in areas that have so far not had trees. Policy and action standard agriculture, forestry, and. Once finished, the glossary will be published as a separate publication and offered as an opensource to all. The main purposes for implementing afforestation are commercial forestry and environmental restoration or preservation.
Reforestation 3 introduction reforestation includes the process of planting or otherwise regenerating and establishing a desired forest community on a given site. Climate resilient afforestation and reforestation project. Read this article to learn about the afforestation and reafforestation in india. General outline and legal basis a ireland recognises that economic, social, environmental and recreational benefits can accrue from a vibrant forestry estate.
Estimated that global forests remove around 3 billion tons of carbon per yearabout 30% of yearly emissions from fossil fuels. Valid from 23 nov 12 to 03 oct requests for registration can be submitted until 31 may 2014 23. Deforestation affects climate change be cause it releases the carbon stored in the plants and soils and al ters the physical prop erties of the surface. Reforestation, afforestation, deforestation, climate change and. Afforestation is the process of planting trees, or sowing seeds, in a barren land devoid of any trees to create a forest. Reforestation is the natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands forestation that have been depleted, usually through deforestation. Political goals of afforestation and reforestation 7.
An important part of reforestation is the selection of an appropriate tree species or forest community to manage. Afforestation and reforestation for climate change mitigation. Over the last three decades, almost half of the earths original forest cover has been deforested, and only 20% of frontier forests remained by 1997 bryant et al. Afforestation is expedient to direct forest management to the direction that will step down the current rate of deforestation in the country. Apr 25, 2017 both afforestation and reforestation involve growing trees to establish a forest cover on nonforested ground.
Ae van wyk department of botany,university of pretoria article type. It is good practice to provide documentation that all afforestation and reforestation activities included in the identified units of land are direct humaninduced. Ecosystem level effects of afforestation and reforestation 4. Conversion of forest land into farms, ranches or urban use.
Planting stock grown from seeds and obtained from cuttings is used in afforestation. Deforestation, selective logging and other human interventions. Such programs have been widely implemented in many regions, including america, south america, and china. It has to be noted that both reforestation and afforestation can be advantageous when tackling global warming. The effects of afforestation and deforestation on water. Afforestation and reforestation in the clean development. Box 3015, 2601 da delft, netherlands received 18 december 1994. The term should not be confused with reforestation, which is the process of specifically planting native trees into a forest that has decreasing numbers of trees. Tree planting for carbon sequestration congressional research service 3 establishing forest stands on the scale needed to achieve a billion tons of co 2 offsets would be a dramatic increase compared to recent activity. Current situation according to data from the 2010 global fra.
China, currently the largest carbon emitter of the world, is also. The effect of afforestation on soil moisture content in. Assessment area data file xls northcentral pdf northeast pdf. If an afforestation or reforestation project is perceived as being an impediment to local livelihoods, it may create an incentive for illegal harvesting or clearing, also threatening the permanence of carbon sequestration. Pdf forest conservation, afforestation and reforestation in india. The approved methodologies for small scale ar projects are published here. Afforestation and reforestation of lands except wetlands version 1 181 kb version number.
This note applies the business plans methods to calculate potential costs associated with an afforestation program. Proposed new afforestation and reforestation methodologies under consideration. The selection of afforestation methods is determined by economic considerations and by soil and climatic conditions. Reforestation can be used to rectify the effects of deforestation or improve the quality of human life by soaking up pollution and dust from the air, rebuild natural habitats and ecosystems, mitigate global warming since forests. Afforestation definition of afforestation by merriamwebster. Guidebook for the formulation of afforestation and reforestation projects under the clean development mechanism itto technical series 25 by timothy pearson, sarah walker and sandra brown the international tropical timber organization itto is an intergovernmental organization promoting the conservation and sustainable management. Afforestation and reforestation of lands except wetlands. Reforestation and afforestation share the same meaning i. Afforestation and reforestation in india your article library. It is different from reforestation, which is replanting trees where a forest has been depleted. Reforestation and afforestation carbon sequestration 101. The carbon sequestration potential from afforestation in.
Under this scheme, newly planted forests are carefully supervised to protect against forest fires. Reforestation is the direct humaninduced conversion of nonforested land to. Ecosystem level effects of afforestation and reforestation. Guidebook for the formulation of afforestation and. According to the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc, these terms are defined as direct human induced conservation of non forested lands back to forested lands with the help of activities such as planting, seeding, and human induced promotions of natural seed. This can be achieved by ensuring that deforestation is kept to a minimum and afforestation only occurs on truly degraded land. The afforestation and reforestation activities may create possible environmental issues from i inappropriate site selection ii plantation of nonnative species iii monoculture plantations, iv excessive and disproportionate use of fertilizer which will cause.
She is planting acorns for afforestation reforestation set of young trees trunks in pots. Afforestation ct and ny only afforestation offset projects sequester carbon through the conversion of land from a nonforested to forested condition. Oplap proposed a large 20year afforestation program, from 2006 to 2025, and described a practical planting schedule. Afforestation and plantation forestry plantation forestry for the 21st century peter j kanowski 1 summary plantation forests now comprise around 5 million ha globally, with annual plantation afforestation and reforestation rates nearing 10% of total area. The carbon sequestration potential from afforestation in ontario. Hall international institute for infrastructural, hydraulic and environmental engineering, p. Afforestation set of green plants in flowerpots afforestation in the forest. Afforestation and reforestation programs provide important mechanisms to enhance carbon sequestration capacity of the terrestrial ecosystem and mitigate the increase of greenhouse gas emission. Reforestation is the act of planting new trees where trees have recently been cut down or destroyed. While reforestation is increasing the number of trees of an. For the first and second commitment period of the kp, ar activities are restricted to.
Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees forestation in an area where there was no previous tree cover. Afforestation definition is the act or process of establishing a forest especially on land not previously forested. Pdf 2018 definitions of forest, deforestation, afforestation, and. Consequently, it offers opportunities for various reconstruction processes in comparative analyzes and determination of critical control points. Afforestation and reforestation projects should be used to mitigate against natural hazards, wind, storms, landslides, etc. Guidebook for the formulation of afforestation and reforestation. Afforestation stock photos download 1,552 royalty free. Risk assessment of afforestation and reforestation processes 198 each of the above reforestation processes is slightly different approach, but the main job process is similar. Pdf this article presents an assessment of the implications of past and current forest conservation and regeneration policies and. According to the intergovernmental panel for climate change ipcc, reforestation is the establishment of forest cover in a place, where the forests have been cleared away in the recent past to make way for some other land use such as. Identify which supersection the project is located in using the assessment area data file.
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